Personality Development By Mary D. Salter Ainsworth And...

Main Idea Attachment, as defined by â€Å"Infants, Children, and Adolescents† is the strong emotional connection that develops between an infant and caregiver, which provides the infant with a sense of joy, comfort, and emotional security (Berk, 2012, p. 264). Between 6 to 12 months of age, infants typically have developed said strong emotional connection to familiar people who have responded to their need for comfort, care, and other needs. While many individuals might suggest that a baby’s emotional connection to the mother serves as the basis upon which all future relationships are built, how this strong emotional connection develops has been a source of debate for decades. Theories that attempt to explain the emotional bond between an†¦show more content†¦Ethology, an approach that has become widely accepted in recent years, is focused upon the â€Å"adaptive, or survival, value of behavior and its evolutionary history† (Berk, 2012, p. 264). According to â₠¬Å"Infants, Children, and Adolescents,† the ethological theory provides that babies are biologically prepared to contribute actively to establish a bond with their caregivers, which promotes the chances for their individual genes to survive. Since ethologists believe that behavior can be best understood in terms of one’s adaptive value, a full understanding of the entire organism-environment system, including physical, social, and cultural aspects is sought (Berk, 2012, p. 264). John Bowlby, who first applied this approach to the infant-caregiver bond, maintained that the quality of future relationships is directly related to the quality of an infant’s attachment to the caregiver (Berk, 2012, p. 265). Evaluation of Evidence Inspired by Konrad Lorenz s (1952) study of imprinting in baby geese, Bowlby believed that an infant, just like the young of most animal species, is born with built-in behaviors that ensure that a parent stays close by, which improves the odds that the infant will remain safe from danger. Through these built-in behaviors, a strong emotional connection develops. According to Lorenz, this strong emotional connection serves as a reference for future relationships. Granted, Bowlby s ethological theory of attachment appears to be

The Case Of Ninth Circuit Court - 1492 Words

Ninth Circuit Court holds that an employee has a reasonable expectation of privacy in their private office, because it is locked and not shared with others. This reasonable expectation of privacy extends to the contents of their office, including the employee’s company computer, located therein. As a result, the court held that the fourth amendment protects both the office and computer from warrantless searches by the government unless it obtains valid consent from either the defendant or one with common authority over the items searched, or proceeds on the authorization of one with apparent authority to give such valid consent. In this case, the Ninth Circuit holds that the government obtained valid consent from one with common authority over the items searched, when it received such consent from the employee’s employer. The employer had common authority over the employee’s office computer because it had a policy of, and regularly did, monitor employeesâ€℠¢ computer usage of company machines, a policy of which its employees were made aware. The court accordingly denied defendant’s motion to suppress evidence found by the government during its warrantless search of defendant’s office computer. As a result, pursuant to a plea agreement, defendant was convicted of the receipt of obscene material based, in part, on evidence obtained during this search. The evidence obtained during this search, and by the company earlier, showed that defendant had viewed and had possession ofShow MoreRelatedCoastal Drillers Tax Memorandum Essay1240 Words   |  5 Pageswithin the meaning of  §302(b)(3) of the Code. In a Tax Court case from 1974, Estate of Lennard v. Comm., 61 T.C. 554 (1974), the judgment of Congress was not to include independent contractors which possessed no financial stake in the corporation as retaining an interest in the corporation for attribution waiver rules. The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals rejected this test by the Tax Court in Lynch v. Comm., 86-2 USTC  ¶9731. The Court held that taxpayers providing post redemption services eitherRead MoreMarriage and the union of couples regarding their sex has been a nationwide issue in the United900 Words   |  4 Pagesunion of couples regarding their sex has been a nationwide issue in the United States for quite some time. The Supreme Court case now known as Hollingsworth v. Perry took place in California but is very well known nationally. Naturally California, as well as the rest of the country, has battled with their marriage laws for many years but events leading up to this specific case did not begin until around 20 00. On the March 7, 2000 ballot in California, voters approved Proposition 22. PropositionRead MoreThe Case Of Dukes V. Wal Mart Stores, Inc. Essay884 Words   |  4 PagesSUMMARY In the case of Dukes v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., the District Court of the Ninth Circuit certified a class of 1.5 million females currently and formerly employed by Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. The plaintiff class sought injunctive and declaratory relief, punitive damages, and back pay; due to the alleged violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act in regards to alleged discrimination against female employees in promotions and wages. In Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. Dukes, the petitioner filed an appealRead MoreIdentification Of The Case : U.s. Department Of Housing And Urban Development Essay1429 Words   |  6 PagesIdentification of the Case: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development v. Rucker 122 S. Ct. 1230 (2002) Facts: The Oakland Housing Authority (OHA) instituted eviction proceedings in state court against William lee, Barbara Hill, and Pearlie Rucker alleging that they violated their lease agreement with OHA. The OHA allege that the grandsons of Lee and Hill were caught smoking marijuana in the apartment complex parking lot, Rucker’s daughter had cocaine and crack cocaine pipe within in herRead MoreCourt Of The United States Essay903 Words   |  4 PagesSCHRIRO, DIRECTOR, ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS v. LANDRIGAN AKA HILL 550 U. S. ____ (2007) SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES NO. 05-1575 1. 2. Facts: The respondent Jeffery Landrigan was convicted of murder, during his incarceration he stabbed and killed an inmate. Three years later, Mr. Landrigan escaped prison and killed Chester Dyer. Mr. Landrigan was found guilty of second degree murder, burglary, and felony murder. During the sentencing phase of the trial, Mr. Landrigan counsel attemptedRead More Meacham v. Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory Essay1265 Words   |  6 PagesMeacham v. Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory The 2nd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals held that those business practices that have had a disparate impact effect on the older workers are now considered to be actionable under one national anti-discrimination law (Hamblett, 2004). The case does reaffirm a second Circuit precedent that had been set but which is at odds with what a majority of federal courts have held. The appeals court supported the idea that a layoff plan had been properly broughtRead MoreCase Analysis : Roley Filed Law Lawsuit Law Suit Against His Employer839 Words   |  4 Pagesto the hearing and further to his discharge. Of course, he was not happy about the situation, so he presented the case before a United States (US) district court alleging that his equal protection and due process rights were violated. The district court ruled against him and in favor of the fire district. He appealed the decision of the district at the US Court of Appeals Ninth Circuit where the alleged violations of equal protection s, property and liberty interests might be examined (Open JuristsRead MoreLewis Galoob Toys, Inc. V. Nintendo Of America1308 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract Lewis Galoob Toys, Inc. v. Nintendo of America, Inc. (1992) was a court case which revolved around whether the software altering a copyright protected game contributes to copyright infringement from the fair use and creation of derivative work perspectives. Nintendo of America, Inc. (later in this paper referred to as Nintendo) primarily markets and sells home video games hardware systems along with compatible video game cartridges. On the other hand, Lewis Galoob Toys, Inc. (later in thisRead MoreThe Case Of Epperson V. Arkansas953 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom a lower order of animals, or to adopt or use in any such institution a textbook that teaches the doctrine or theory that mankind ascended or descended from a lower order of animal.† Forty years later, the case of Epperson v. Arkansas (1968) was argued before the Supreme Court. The case originated in 1965, when Susan Epperson was hired to teach 10th grade biology at Little Rock Central High School. The local school board ha d recently adopted, as a part of an approved curriculum, a new biologyRead MoreIncreasing Prevalence Of Class Action Waivers1166 Words   |  5 Pagesbelow, involved the California state contract law doctrine of unconscionability. Nonetheless, the Supreme Court eventually struck down this argument but the decision eventually sparked the now controversial circuit split which has led to the Supreme Court granting certiorari to grant clarity on the issue of class action arbitration waivers. A. The Unconscionability Doctrine and the State Court Challenges Arising Out of California Before the current developments, class action waivers in arbitration

Case study of two cultures Essay Example For Students

Case study of two cultures Essay It is hard for her to understand why westerners do not do more to help each other and why when help is offered do we not accept it easily. Alice sees everybody as family and finds it hard to live in areas where there is a low sense of community, Alice has had a hard time integrating with these sorts of societies and says she is much happier living in Bali than Australia because it is similar to her own culture and ethnicity. She explains that it is hard to grasp why some times people think they owe something when someone has helped them, she says that is what you need more of in this culture, people need to understand that at some stage we all need help from someone and we should be able to give without needing to be repaid and we should be able to receive with out having to worry about repaying (Alice Bebe, personal interview, March 22, 2010). Airini Airini explains that her culture has been greatly affected by her ethnic background. Her close friends are predominately from New Zealand or Samoan and all of her friends indulge in their ethnic backgrounds. Although she identifies herself as Australian and loves the Australian culture she says she fits into a sub group which is basically identified by her ethnic background. I love Australia and the way people are here, but I feel most at home with people that share my cultural knowledge, we like to do things the traditional way and I find that in Australia there isnt many real Aussie traditions except maybe from throwing a shrimp on the BBQ and having a beer or two. I feel that my traditions give me a feeling of richness in knowing who I am. I dont think any less of people that dont follow my traditions, if anything I feel sorry for some people that I think just get a bit lost because they have no solid base of who they are(Airini Manaia, personal interview, March 22, 2010). How Culture Impacts on their Interaction with Others Often in society peoples culture and ethnic backgrounds Within this essay a case study has been provided examining the similarities and differences between two cultural backgrounds. A analysis on perspectives of culture has been provided. An examination of what these perspectives mean for an individual in a different society has been performed, also the essay looks at how societies can and do, deal with cultural diversity. This information was sourced from two interviewees. Background information has been provided on each interviewee and their perspective on culture was explained. A description of how culture has impacted on the life experiences and belief systems of each interviewee was explored. The way culture impacts on each interviewees interactions with others will be described. Some suggestions regarding minimising the impact of cultural divides were supplied. Finally a discussion comparing the cultural experience and similarities and differences between the two interviews have been provided. Throughout the essay relevant references were provided to link ideas to theory and strengthen arguments. References Bolstead, R. Hamblett, M. (2001). Transiting Communication. NZ: PearsonEducation John, O. Pervin, L. A. (2001). Personality: theory and research (8th ed). New York: John Wiley and Sons Inc. Kosslyn, S. Rosenberg, R. (2001). Psychology: the brain, the person and the world. Boston: Allyn and Bacon Inc. Matsumoto, D. , Juang, L. , (2008). Culture and psychology (4th ed. ). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. Van Kreiken, Smith, Habibis, McDonald, Haralambous Holbourn, (2000) Sociology themes and perspectives (2nd Ed), NSW, Pearson Education.

Inhabited Island Review Essay Example

Inhabited Island Review Paper Essay on Inhabited Island Your conscience is outraged with the existing order of things, and your mind obediently and hastily seeking ways to change this order. But the order has its own laws. These laws arise from the aspirations of huge masses of people, and they can be changed, too, only with a change in these aspirations () Your conscience moves you to change the existing order, that is, to change the desire of millions of masses of people in the image of your aspirations. . This is ridiculous and ahistorical Most of the Strugatsky books guess the Soviet Union in the characters, in terms of reality, in deeds. But inhabited island Union shameless and frank. Oh, how they have been able to print it then? We are puzzled. Its too about us, and about us this you can not. Fool knows It is believed that Inhabited Island. this is a teen adventure action about a student with a beautiful Earth to svoebrazny planet, where people believe that the world is shaped like a bubble, and they live on the inner side head to the center. It seems like these done some fighting, with these done some fighting and thats enough. . Totalitarianism, propaganda, here and there All the more difficult and places Bismarckian revolution prepare geniuses exercise fanatics, and its fruits are crooks. Maxim an open and trusting guy, all now on the beautiful Earth, such as by the standards Sarraksha, an idealist and, physically, a superman. Most importantly he used to live with a clear conscience if the world is bad, it should be changed. Unfortunately, not everyone can change his allies. Geeks are ready to die, blowing single tower not the truth, because the result is a temporary and precarious; at headquarters, apparently bred traitors, and its purpose is not like a common good again not in good conscience; Wanderer could prepare and wait for the right moment for decades, while people suffer. Who, in fact, there to join? Who is right in this chaos We will write a custom essay sample on Inhabited Island Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Inhabited Island Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Inhabited Island Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer -? Listen, he said -. Why is the real purpose of the towers hidden from ordinary underground () -? Because most of the headquarters She hopes to someday take over and use the tower as usual, but for other purposes -. for what other Maxim Sarraksh twisted inside out, but it was stopped smiling?. Book-justification of terror, the book about the strengths of weak people, a book about the dishonesty of the revolution. Inhabited Island Review Essay Example Inhabited Island Review Paper Essay on Inhabited Island Massaraksh! ! And 33 times Massaraksh It was necessary to first read the book and then watch the movie. Because these 2 little things depend on each other and confused impressions of each other. The film is good in itself it is adapting the book to our time, he brought description, external portraits of the characters to the desired level of spoiled audience. but I ruined several peak dialogue. For some reason prevnes history and romanticism lyubofffff And the book its a different time In Soviet times to read, certainly quite different We will write a custom essay sample on Inhabited Island Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Inhabited Island Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Inhabited Island Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In another, she would read to me and if I had not watched the movie. If my mind was not seasoning in the form of the external appearance of the characters. In the form of evidence in pictures. Still, 80% of the information a person perceives Galaz. And do it then you can not throw out of my head, massaraksh! The boy, dad on the planet. Planet Strugatsky is not like the others: a cruel, almost radiation destruction, ruin the economy, the war, it is not humane political system. Power elite has power over the electorate consciousness. And over those Kemna can mercilessly torments and destroys. Its funny that the very tip of the hellish experience of suffering, physical . are the same that gives to those whom it hurts The young man from the Earth decided to become a hero. And free the planet from the yoke of the dictatorship (which estesstvenno compared immediately with the Nazi regime) boy miscalculated. It never and nobody taught to make a revolution. In general, someone, someday, someone taught it to do? In fact by this and suffer all the revolutions. Actually so the country is converted into the herd to which it is necessary to sweeten the classic story with the film adaptation, add romantic-love stories, in order to reach a wider audience. Do not overcame the fact that many find fault Strugatsky of the description of the characters, despite the confusion of images from the book already created cinematic want to say gorgeous Strugatsky descriptors. Excellent images. Nothing extra. They do not say what form the heros skull. Enough to the hero uttered a few words. Enough dialogue. Not to mention the description of places of events. Excellent manages to hold the attention. was not at all boring to read it, even though the rate of development of the plot, of course not aktialna sovreshenno. But it is great and this classic =) After the last point I think and it is bad Mack and Mack it good? And what would you do actually here for this, probably, and you need to read. Everything that reaches the people had come to him at the cost of something . Objectives justifying the measure means . justification is always subjective. Assessment of actions Maca is subjective. Assessment of actions sovetstkih mode is subjective. But the book is worth it to be read and reread. At least in the memory of the Soviet times.

National Novel Writing Month

National Novel Writing Month National Novel Writing Month National Novel Writing Month By Mark Nichol On Tuesday, November 1, a couple hundred thousand people around the world will participate in National Novel Writing Month, which, despite its intuitive name, I’ll explain here: The goal is to write a 50,000-word novel (that’s about 175 manuscript pages, based on a count of approximately 300 words per page) in thirty days. That’s about 1,700 words, or six double-spaced manuscript pages, give or take, a day assuming that you write every day. Insane? More like insanely ingenious. The idea behind this seemingly insurmountable goal is to write for quantity, not for quality to dash off a first draft under the auspices of a worldwide project to distance yourself from the little voice in your head that tells you that you should go back and polish that passage, pare that paragraph, or prune that page. It’s basically hours and hours of feverish, fervent, frantic freewriting a technique for unleashing your creativity by abandoning any pretext of inserting your editorial alter ego into the process. Write, write some more, and just keep on writing, without looking back. The sponsors of NaNoWriMo, as it’s abbreviated, acknowledge that may seem like a risky endeavor. You may limp to a finish at midnight on November 30, only to discover that you have devoted much of your precious time to churning out what? What did you accomplish? The product of a few hundred thousand keystrokes. Is it ready for publication? Hardly. But no novel, no short story, no poem, no article or review or essay or other composition, is print-ready. That’s not the point. The point is that you will have overcome your trepidation at devoting so much time and effort toward crafting a towering achievement in prose, using the novelty of the project as an excuse. And then you will have a first draft of a novel (and then the real work starts). Last year, only a little more than 10 percent of participants reached their goal of producing the first draft of a 50,000-word novel. But nearly 200,000 others staggered away from their computers on the last day of November with at least the start of something satisfying. Sign up at the NaNoWriMo Web site, and explore the site’s features to help you motivate yourself. One of these is a tool that lets you update your word count daily. You can also post excerpts of your work in progress for others to read. So, are you going to give it a shot? Of course you are. Good luck! Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 English Grammar Rules You Should Know20 Pairs of One-Word and Two-Word FormsA Yes-and-No Answer About Hyphenating Phrases

The eNotes Blog How to Read a Book a Day in2013

How to Read a Book a Day in2013 Perhaps one of your resolutions for 2013, like so many peoples, is to read more this year. Im guessing, though, that you did not set yourself the daunting task of reading a grand total of 365 books over the course of as many days. That would be crazy, right? Not according to Jeff Ryan of Slate, who proved in 2012 that such a resolution, though insane, is not impossible to achieve. While I certainly do not have plans to attempt Ryans wacky goal myself, the tactics he employed to reach that number might help anyone looking to cover more literary ground this year. Heres how he did it, how you can learn from it, and why Ryans goal might actually not have been so wacky after all For a resolution like this, Ryan had to start out with some ground rules. And no, priority No. 1 was not to lower the minimum page count of the books on his list. It was to avoid scrimping on his current duties as father, husband, and full-time job-holder. My test for this was my wife: I didn’t even tell her I was tackling a book a day until six weeks into the project. If she suspected I was slacking- dishes undone, litter box a ruin, laundry growing sentient- then I was failing my prime directive. The preference for quick reads didnt come into play until rule No. 2: Read short books. I don’t deny that 2012 was  not  the year for me to launch into  Terry Goodkind. Want some Tolstoy?  The Forged Coupon, not  War and Peace. Dont hide your YA, exercise shamelessness if you want to reach your 365 book goal. In similar fashion, if I had to point out a third rule of Ryans in this project, itd be Dont be a snob. You dont get to read 365 books in a year without padding out your reading list with a bit of light fodder. The journalists literary junk food as he calls it consisted of zombie novels, books about Old Hollywood,  Ã‚  books about video games  (I can’t play you anymore, but I can read about you!),  comedians’ memoirs,  and  essay collections. Anyone elses indulgence of guilty pleasures would easily stretch to include Young Adult books, chick lit, comic books, even erotica. Does everything you read have to be Booker-worthy? Not if the goal is simply to read and learn more, so feel free to exercise a bit of shamelessness. One of Ryans most important tactics was to read multiple books at once. If youre anything like me, youll imagine this point as being annoying; I like to give my full attention to a novel without interruption from other works, if I can manage it. But the thing about this project is that it opens your eyes to how many different things you already read simultaneously everyday, besides books, and how much extra stuff can be forsaken in order to read more literature. For instance, Ryan might in one day finish up a 1,000 page tome hed been working on for a while, approach the end of an audiobook on his drive home, and close the final chapter on a Chronicles of Narnia novel with his daughter at bedtime. Sound like the kind of multitasking youre used to? And what happens when you replace the normal go-to forms of entertainment crunching up your free time and replace them with books? What might you inadvertently give up? For Ryan it was video games, direct-to-DVD horror films (in the manner of Starship Troopers 2 and Saw V-VII), and  music, as he exclusively listened to audiobooks on his iPod. Its also not difficult to imagine how much more most of us would read were it not   for our TV addictions. To many people, some of those casualties would be unforgivable. To others, pledging to read a book a day might help to check off other resolutions we might often swear to keep but never manage to. Its this new awareness of how most of us use our free time that suddenly makes this resolution appear less impossible and more like something we already engage in: If you follow my path and read a book a day in 2013, you’ll find that you truly, truly will not be reading more than usual. Right now, you are probably reading a comparable amount to me- but you’re reading newspapers, Facebook and Twitter, and the work of the fine folks at  Slate. I let that stuff go for a year in the interest of making my quota. (Maybe that’s why I liked essay collections so much; they’re like magazines in book format.) I always dreamed that in retirement I might be able to knock off a book a day: Turns out, I didn’t have to wait. So you see, pledging to read more in 2013 doesnt have to be a futile promise. As for me, Im going to try something infinitely more manageable than 365 books and focus on six authors I always mean to read but never get around to. They are:   David Mitchell,  Haruki Murakami,  David Foster Wallace,  Jonathan Franzen, Phillip Roth, and (just for fun, because Im appalling when it comes to Russian lit knowledge) Leo Tolstoy. Do you have any literature-related resolutions planned? Perhaps youll plan to read a book a month, or even to participate in 2013s NaNoWriMo? Please, share your ideas on how to read more in a comment below. Whatever you resolve this New Years, I hope your 2013 is full of inspiring and enjoyable reads!

Cell Phone Usage and Texting While Driving Assignment

Cell Phone Usage and Texting While Driving - Assignment Example When an individual uses a cell phone, his or her concentration gets shifted from the road to what is being discussed over the phone. As a result, an individual may not notice a vehicle making a change on the lane, or a vehicle speeding from the opposite direction thus causing an accident via colliding heads with it. Pedestrians hitting is the most severe offence that is culpable that an individual can commit while using a cell phone and at the same time driving. The use of hand free gadgets not necessarily limits an individual chance of causing an accident in any manner. Various researches and studies have proved the statement. Playing mobile games and texting while driving is a perfect example of behaviors that are irresponsible characterized by the users of cell phones. The behavior least acceptable is the receiving of emergency calls in situations that are certain. On the contrary, there are no justifications for gaming or texting on the phone in whatever situation. That is why va rious solutions have been put across to curb such a behavior. Solutions are such as banning the activity, exerting peer pressure and raising awareness and safety improvement through technology use. Cell Phone Use Ban While Driving Globally, several countries have banned the usage of cell phone while driving on the public roads. For instance, in the United States of America, various states have entirely prohibited the cell phone usage while driving. On the other hand, some states have partially banned the usage of cell phones while driving. This means that, the banning is imposed upon specific vehicles such as vehicles used for public transport and buses. In some cases, the ban might prevail in areas that are specific including residential neighborhoods downtown... This essay focuses mostly on cell phones that have played a significant role in our lives today. The researcher analyzes modern usage of cell-phones while driving topic and states that utilization of cell phones while driving can result to fatal or dangerous outcome on the public roads. In essence the trend of diving while texting have rapidly increased. Driving and cell phone usage are not compatible just like driving and alcohol. The combination of the two only results to endangering one’s life and other innocent people as well. Thus, the purpose of this essay is to provide solutions to the above problem via stating the advantages of banning cell phone usage/ texting while driving. From researches conducted, it is obvious that texting while driving has severe consequences. This is because of their potential to eliminate the magnitude of cognitive, visual and manual destruction that occurs as a result of receiving or sending text messages. Safety automotive technologies such as cross-traffic alerts, warning systems in case of collision, stability control that is electronic and change indicators in road lanes will enhance the mitigation the driver inattention consequences. Finally, children, parents, community leaders and professional in the insurance industry have a role to play in ending this habit. In conclusion, the researcher sums up that it is not acceptable socially to drive in absence of a seat belt or drive when you are drunk, the same should be applied to texting while driving.

Manifestation of Catholicism in colonial Brazil Essay

Manifestation of Catholicism in colonial Brazil - Essay Example Notably, even after the independence of the country, the 1824 constitution made catholic the official religion in the country. The imperial government then even paid salaries to catholic priests and influenced the appointments of the bishops in the country then, thus making the religion rather strong in the country than in any part of the world. The Brazilian hierarchy consists of four cardinals, thirty archbishops and 128 bishops. The region, divided into seventy-seven ecclesiastical provinces, has an additional one archdiocese, commonly known as Brasilia. Excepting for only a few exceptions of provinces such as the state of Sao Paulo, which has five provinces, minas Gerais with three provinces, and Rio de Janeiro with two, most of these provinces corresponds to the state boundaries. The vicars general were the, the reactors of the Jesuit College, as well as the priors of the Benedictine, Franciscan and Calamite converts were the highest local ecclesiastical officials. The tribunal of the Lisbon, having gained supremacy over Brazil in the year 1551, undertook the role of overlooking into the religious and moral practices of the Brazilian people. Headed by the inquisitor general who was the president of the general council, oversaw the activities of other tribunals ion his jurisdiction. However, in case of matters relating to the policies and procedures, the general and the general council reined supremacy, unless the pope decided to rule differently. Temporary tribunals visited Brazil, and with the help of the police, undertook their mandate of inquisition (Wadsworth 19). The Portuguese inquisition, having officially begun in the year 1536, Brazil inhabited then the only the extreme margins of the empire of Portuguese, thus eliciting little concern from the inquisitors in Lisbon. The backdrops of colonial history, which painted the pictures of inquisition in Spain in 1478, saw the expulsion of

Ulysses S Grant one of the Greatest Battlefield Leaders Essay Example for Free

Ulysses S Grant one of the Greatest Battlefield Leaders Essay Ulysses S Grant, the Eighteenth President of the United States of America, and often credited as the man who was single handedly responsible for ending the Civil War served his country during the years from 1869 to 1877. He was born the son of a poor tanner from Ohio, in the year 1822. He was a rather average student, and apparently, he went to West Point against his will, where he managed to graduate at the middle of his class. After graduation, the young Ulysses Grant started to work at his father’s leather store in the state of Illinois, and this is where he was working still when the Civil War in which he was to play a major role in his future broke out. It is said that it was this work in his father’s tannery that Ulysses Grant developed a great proficiency and ability in handling equestrians, a trait that was to help him in his later endeavors and battles. It was in the years immediately after his graduation that Grant served in the Mexican War. The young soldier would win two brevets for his meritorious conduct during the War, but all the same, he absolutely detested the war, and wanted no part of it at the time. In 1848, Grant married Julia Dent, the daughter of a rich plantation owner, and immediately afterwards, he was sent on garrison duty to the Central Northeast of the United States of America, where he served until 1854 when he chose to retire under a cloud of rumors about his drinking habits. The young man was thereafter appointed by the then Governor to act as the Commander to a disorderly and unruly volunteer regiment, also known as ‘Governor Gate’s Hellions’. Experts say that it was Ulysses Grant’s expertise and command and presence that managed to bring this regiment of volunteers into some sort of shape, so that at the end of 1861, the brigade was much better organized, and Ulysses rose to the rank of Brigadier General of Volunteers. (Ulysses S Grant n. d) The young tanner Ulysses Grant soon rose to the rank of General, and he was one of the people of the world who was considered to be a ‘true world leader,’ viewed by the people of the world at the time as the ‘Hero of Freedom’ or even as the â€Å"King of America. † In the words of Lord Provost in 1877 when he was addressing a crowd of fifty thousand people or more, â€Å"Grant had proved himself the Wellington of America†¦the great and good Lincoln struck down the poisonous tree of slavery; but Grant tore it up by the roots†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Grant the World Leader n. d) In the year 1861, Ulysses Grant a completely unprepared attack on Missouri as the Brigadier of his regiment, and he was forced to retreat with severe losses. Not allowing this to deter him in any way, the brave and resolute man engaged the help of the navy and took Fort Henry and Fort Donelson. Hugely successful in these attacks, the pleased Governor accorded him the title of Major General. (About Grant n. d) When Abraham Lincoln was transferred to Washington, there was in fact no single General who would be able to control the West. This was the time when Grant and John McClernand began their struggle for control, and McClernand obtained permission to launch an attack on Vicksburg in Mississippi, even though it appeared that Vicksburg was an unlikely target for the Union attack. The Confederates had however already fortified their position on a bluff over the Mississippi river, and this fact made it almost impossible for the Union forces in New Orleans to join forces with Grant’s army in the state of Tennessee. In 1862, Grant became aware of the plan that McClernand had created, and that he was now planning to make his move. As a result, he appointed William T Sherman in charge of a second prong of attack on Vicksburg, hoping that Sherman would be able to beat McClernand at his own game. Sherman failed however, and the armies set up camp near the Louisiana borders, and Abraham Lincoln sent spies to find out whether or not Ulysses Grant was in reality worthy of command. Interestingly enough, this spy soon became one of Grant’s staunchest supporters and loyal fans, impressed as he was by the man’s integrity and uprightness, complimented by his total lack of interest in the politics of his time, and a desire to get involved in them. This was the time when Ulysses Grant made up his mind that he would try to take Vicksburg from the North, and he soon set about digging trenches and started the effort of moving his troops up from the city. He organized a troop of Navy gunboats to run past the blockade that had been set up at Vicksburg, so that they could help him in his efforts. Now, both Sherman and McClernand were under Grant’s steady control and able leadership, and they led their troops to a strong rout of Confederate troops and managed to isolate them. However, this effort proved to be a disaster, because Grant lost almost 3,200 men. Nevertheless, this gave Grant an opportunity to develop a brand new strategy, a strategy that had ever been attempted before, cushioned by the fact that Grant was aware that he had many more men to lose than his enemy had. This prompted him to launch attack after brutal attack on Vicksburg, until he finally agreed to settle for a siege. It was in July 1863 that John Bowen, an old West Point friend of Grant’s, arrived at the camp so that he could begin the process of negotiations for surrender of the city. Ulysses Grant was stubborn that he would only entertain a complete and an ‘unconditional surrender’ and it was the next day when the Battle of Gettysburg ended that Vicksburg capitulated and surrendered. Grant became a hero. (Ulysses S Grant n. d) One must bring to mind certain important points, facts that would show Ulysses Grant as a man full of character and also as a man with flaws, flaws that he made concerted efforts to overcome, only to move on to become one of the most respected men of all time in America, and to become known as one of the ‘Greatest Battlefield Heroes’ of the world. Vicksburg in Mississippi was an extremely well protected fortress for the Confederate Army during the Civil War. In 1863 Ulysses Grant as the Union General attacked Vicksburg with the primary intention of eventually taking over the entire city. Although he was prevented from doing so, Grant had made up his mind to launch the attack, and this he did, and he settled himself down to a six week siege, displaying to all his tremendous patience and intelligence in waiting for what he thought he would eventually obtain. Grant cut off all supply lines to the city, and fired upon Vicksburg constantly. At this point, several of the city’s residents moved out of the city to escape the firing taking place, and into caves in the nearby hills. Ulysses Grant also moved too close for comfort at times, so close that, as historians state, at several points in time, both Union and confederate soldiers were so close that they could shout across at each other and be heard clearly. By the time it was the month of June, Grant had brought in eighty thousand Union troops for the capture of Vicksburg. On the forty fourth day after Grant had launched his attack on Vicksburg, things had gone out of control there were no supplies to the town, and the city newspaper ‘Daily Citizen’ was forced to print its news on wallpapers. It was reported that the General Ulysses S Grant probably wished to celebrate the Fourth of July â€Å"dining in Vicksburg†. On July 4th, in reality, Pemberton surrendered to the Union General, and Grant’s men added a paragraph to the newspaper article that Grant had indeed managed to dine in Vicksburg on July Fourth! (General Ulysses S Grant attempted to take Vicksburg n. d) Grant’s military leadership during the Vicksburg assault is one of the most talked about events in American history. One of the reasons may be that Vicksburg was a city of tremendous importance, strategically, to the Union. The final campaign in Vicksburg under the able leadership of Ulysses S Grant is also one of the most remembered events in American history. This was the campaign in which Grant marched some forty five thousand of his men across Milliken’s Bend in Louisiana in March 1863. Grant had divided his troops into three main corps under the leaderships of Sherman, McPherson and McClernand and marched them across to Hard Times Landing in Louisiana. From this point forward, the troops were ferried across the river to Bruinsburg by boats, no small feat at the time. The first battle was therefore fought at Fort Gibson, a battle that ended in an easy victory for Grant and his men. In the aftermath of this victory, Grant became supremely confident, and also became victorious in campaign after campaign. However, despite all his victories and his by now good reputation, own after plenty of hard work and effort, Ulysses Grant was gradually becoming known as a ‘drinker’. It was this drinking habit that caused him to lose, rather quickly, the hard won respect of his fellow men and his fellow campaigners at battle. It was in all probability this same drinking habit that may have caused Grant to choose inept leaders for his constituency in later years when he was to become the President of the United States of America. Ulysses Grant was also to prove to be absolutely inept at statecraft. This led him to choose and appoint four judges to the Supreme Court in a completely inefficient manner; in the words of biographer McFeely, â€Å"He chose them with about the same discernment that went into his selection of consuls and postmasters. † (Kammler, Dan n. d) Abraham Lincoln himself acknowledged personally the spirit of courage and bravery and fortitude that Ulysses Grant had displayed during the Vicksburg campaign, and as a token of his gratitude and indebtedness to the soldier, he appointed him the ‘Commander of all the US Armies’ with the rank of Lieutenant General. One must remember that this was perhaps the very first time in history that a soldier after George Washington had held a rank of such great importance. After this appointment as Commander, Ulysses Grant worked tirelessly to occupy Robert Lee’s rebel army situated towards the East, while the Union troops worked in the South, destroying homes, farms and factories. This was one of grant’s cleverer campaigns, and it worked; Lee surrendered in 1865, bringing to a final end the four bloodiest years of the ongoing Civil War. Grant was of course commended for being a Hero of the Civil War, for it was his plan that brought in the much sought after victory. (Ulysses S Grant 2007) Ulysses Grant went on to accept the Republican nomination and to being appointed as the President of the United States of America, even though he despised politics, and wanted no part of it. The brave hero worked hard at trying to bring the North and the South together, and contributed his might to solving the several problems if the American government at the time. However, Grant was never acknowledged as an able political leader, and becoming better known for his financial scandals, he retired and started to write his own wartime memoirs for a price to support his family. He died in July 1885, and he was honored with a solemn and large funeral procession in New York, with several hundreds of people personally acknowledging him for the great and brave soldier and military leader he had been during his lifetime. References Ulysses S Grant (n. d) The White House Retrieved December 9 2008, http://www. whitehouse. gov/history/presidents/ug18. html Grant the World Leader (n. d) Ulysses S Grant Homepage Retrieved December 9 2008, http://www. granthomepage. com/grantleader. htm About Grant (n. d) Ulysses S Grant Thinkquest Retrieved December 9 2008, http://library. thinkquest. org/3055/netscape/people/grant. html Ulysses S Grant The Vicksburg Campaign (n. d) Retrieved December 9 2008, http://www. sparknotes. com/biography/grant/section7. rhtml General Ulysses S Grant attempted to take Vicksburg (n. d) America’s Story Retrieved December 9 2008, http://www. americaslibrary. gov/cgi-bin/page. cgi/jb/civil/vicksburg_1 Kammler, Dan (n. d) Ulysses S Grant Retrieved December 9 2008, http://www. lib. niu. edu/1993/ihy930228. html Ulysses S Grant (2007) People and events Retrieved December 9 2008, http://www. pbs. org/wgbh/amex/grant/peopleevents/p_ugrant. html

how to care for hermit crab :: essays research papers

How to take care of Color. 1. Wash hands before handling   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. You don’t want her to get sick cause you are sick. 2. Always have salt water and fresh water available.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. Salt water is that little pouch that I gave you. Add all of that to 2 cups HOT water. Shake in a closed bottle until all salt crystals are gone.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. Use the tap water conditioner to remove chlorine †¦ DO NOT FOR GET! Hermit crabs can not have tap water it will kill them! 3. Never pull her out of shell   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. Duh! 4. Feed her in the night and leave food there all day.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. Feed her anything that does not have milk or dairy. And no citrus even though some say you can feed them that †¦ I don’t think its healthy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. I usually feed her and Juicy carrots and peanuts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C. Always cut up food so they have smaller pieces. 5. Use plastic wrap to keep in Humidity in the container.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. Place the plastic wrap on the lid. During the day allow some air to come though and during the night cover completely. 6.Don’t place in direct sunlight.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. Even thought the sun is a good source for heat. Its not good when paired with a heater. 7. Use the paper cups for water and food.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. Because of the small area these work well.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. Cut so that there is a depression on one side and the other sides are even. 8. Bath time!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. After about 3 days you can give her a bath.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. Use Conditioned tap water.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C. The best time is when she’s out and walking.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  D. Fill a bowl with water only water. Take her and place her up side down( her claws touch the bottom) and count to 45 fast like 1..2..3. 9.Have fun.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A. Color is the most active right now due to the fact that Juicy is molting.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B. Be sure to play with her. In the small container she could get stressed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  C. You can allow others to take care of her. Be sure they are gentle. And have washed their hands.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  D. Never allow anyone to tap the side of the container.

Dehydration Lab Report

Dehydration of 2-Methylcyclohexanol February 10, 2013 Introduction This experiment was done to demonstrate the practical use of dehydration reactions and produce three different products. Dehydration reactions are reactions that involve the leaving of an â€Å"-OH† or â€Å"-H† group resulting in the formation of a double bond between two carbons. For the experiment we used 2-Methylcyclohexanol as a beginning reagent to dehydrate and possibly form 3-methylcyclohexene, 1-methylcyclohexene, or methylenecyclohexane.Drierite ® (Calcium Sulfate) was used as a drying agent to help break the alcohol and hydrogen groups from the carbons. Concentrated phosphoric acid was used as a catalyst to help move the reaction towards the products motioned above. To determine the successfulness of the experiment and the amount of product(s) recovered, IR spectroscopy, Gas Chromatography and percent yield calculations were used. Equations and Structures 6. References 1. â€Å"18. Dehydrat ion of 2- Methylcyclohexanol. † Organic Chemistry Lab 2040L. XU Chemistry, n. d. Web. 12 Feb. 2013. 2. Material Safety Data Sheet 2-Methylcyclohexanol. † Http://www. coleparmer. com/Assets/Msds/97403. htm. Coleparmer, 19 Mar. 1998. Web. 12 Feb. 2013. 3. â€Å"Material Safety Data Sheet Methylcyclohexane. † Sciencelab. com. Science Lab, 09 Oct. 2005. Web. 12 Feb. 2013. 4. Helmenstine, Anne M. , Ph. D. â€Å"How to Write a LabA  Report. † About. com Chemistry. About. com Guide, n. d. Web. 23 Feb. 2013. . 5. â€Å"Theoretical Yield. † Theoretical Yield. Ed. University of Colorado at Boulder. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, n. d. Web. 23 Feb. 2013. . 7. Data Chemicals In Experiment| B.P. | Amount Used| **Observations| 2-Methylcyclohexanol| 164-166 °C | 0. 75mL| Colorless liquid that had similar smell to gasoline. | Calcium Sulfate (Drierite ®)| 1193 °C| Half Hickman Still| White powder that resembled kitty litter. | Phosphoric Acid| 158  °C| Approx. 1mL| Clear liquid & Odorless| 3-Methylcyclohexene| 104 °C| N/A| Colorless liquid that had similar smell to gasoline. | 1-Methylcyclohexene *| 110 °C| N/A| Colorless liquid that had similar smell to gasoline. | Methylenecyclohexane| 102 °C| N/A| Colorless liquid that had similar smell to gasoline. *Major Product **Not All Observations were noted in lab manual, many stated are from memory from the experiment. Observations: It took a lot of time for the Hickman Still to display any signs of condensation. The sand bath was adjusted to â€Å"60† power when â€Å"40† did not yield any visible results. The addition of a lid to the Hickman Still seemed to expedite the entire process. Colorless liquid began to collect rapidly in the first section of the Hickman Still. Weight of Vial without Product| 4. 284 grams| Weight of Vial with Product| 4. 550 grams| Weight of Product| 0. 266 grams|Theoretical Yield| 0. 63 grams| Percent Yield of Product| 42% of Produc t was Recovered| GC Interpretation: The GC reading showed 3 peaks that were the products and one blip that is attributed to the air in the system. The different boiling points of the different molecules in the sample cause the different peaks to be expressed in the GC. Of the 3 peaks, 1-Methylcyclohexene proved to be the most abundant product due its large area percentage. Percent Air| Ignore| Percent Methylenecyclohexane| 1. 64555 = 2%| Percent 3-Methylcyclohexene| 17. 97600 = 18%| Percent 1-Methylcyclohexene| 79. 8650 = 80%| IR Spectroscopy Reading of Sample Gas Chromatography Data 8. Calculations 9. Conclusions In conclusion, we were successfully able to dehydrate 2-Methlycyclohexanol to synthesize all three of the above products most notably 1-Methylcyclohexene. Adding approximately 1mL of 83% concentrated phosphoric acid to serve as the catalyst to the starting reagent and using calcium sulfate as a desiccant in the Hickman Still allowed the reaction to occur. The process of ge tting the products to condense on the first section of the Hickman Still took quite a while of time.After the product was collected, IR spectroscopy was used to determine the chemical make up and purity of the product. The IR reading of the product collected in comparison to the IR of the starting reagent 2-Methylcyclohexanol showed in the 3400 cm? 1 that the –OH had went from a broad peak to a small blip. This gives evidence to the degree of successfulness of the dehydration preformed but also shows that some –OH was still in the product. The hypothetical GC data provided for this experiment demonstrates the purity of the sample along with the percent of each molecule found in the product. -Methlcylcohexene proved to be the major product of the reaction due to the 80% area in the GC data and the regions expressed in the IR reading. Due to human errors such as not allowing enough time for the product to collect, using more desiccants than needed, allowing for the tempe rature of the sand bath to reach the boiling point of 2-Methylcyclohexanol or not retrieving the entire product, the percent yield was only 42%. The experiment is considered a success because all the expected products were produced and very little –OH was found in the sample.

The Lost Beautifulness

Diana Tello ENH 285 Englehart 22 Febuary 2012 Journal Entry #5: Anzia Yezierska’s â€Å"The Lost Beautifulness† Anzia Yezierska’s short story â€Å"The Lost Beautifulness,† is the portrayal of the common immigrant during the 1920’s in search of the â€Å"American dream. † The main character Hanneh Hayyeh is â€Å"tired of living like a pig,† so she does whatever it takes to fulfill her place in living this dream. Mrs. Hayyeh even idolizes her son and takes much pride in the fact that he’s in the army, fighting for her to live this dream. Another character that contributes to the way Mrs.Hayyeh perceives America is, Mrs. Peterson. Mrs. Peterson has it all; a beautiful house,stability, and money. One thing that Mrs. Peterson mentions to Mrs. Hayyeh that is very crucial is the word â€Å"democracy,† Mrs. Hayyeh completely misinterprets this word thinking that everyone in America can be financially equal. Mrs. Hayyeh has unre alistic expectations of this dream, and she later comes to realize that not everything is as good as it seems. â€Å"The Lost beautifulness,† is a story filled with many historical components.An obvious component that is seen from the start is the famous WWI, where we see Mrs. Hayyeh †worship† her son before he goes out and fights for America. Many men were drafted and took off to the war during these times, leaving behind the sad, but proud mothers. Another important historical component is â€Å"immigration,† where in the text we meet Mrs. Hayyeh, an Immigrant from Russia. A major factor that led to the rise of immigration during these times was to express freedom of religion, and feel the American Dream. Mrs.Hayyeh was a Jewish woman trying to escape oppressed Russia and coming to the U. S where she later realized that here days of oppressions were not over yet. The oppression she faced in the U. S had to do with the men in her life. First, she faces her cruel landlord who keeps increasing her rent on unjust terms. Mrs. Hayyeh relentlessly tries to fight this man’s cruel acts without any fear because she thinks America and â€Å"democracy,† will help her through, and she doesn’t know that like in her religion Women are suppressed figures here too. In the domestic sphere Mrs. Hayyeh has a raditional Jewish husband who hasn’t supported her in any way through her ambitious ideas, and when her world comes crumbling down, he abandons her and lets her know that â€Å"she should’ve listened to her husband. † Historically, and even today In the Judaism Religion, if a women wasn’t obedient to her husband, all hell would break loose. Not only Judaism but plenty of other religions indicate that a woman must obey her husband. Many men have taken advantage of that and in places like Africa, India, and even the United States domestic violence has alarmingly increased from the roots of these ideas. Humans are entitled to mistakes and choices and by no means should a man get a free pass to emotionally, verbally, or physically abuse a female. It is understandable that woman’s religious beliefs can be very strong but there is a fine line between religion and humanity. It is also imperative to understand that the religious interpretations that women receive, if any, are taught by men, so they may not even have credentials from the actual works of the text from the particular religion.These interpretations are likely altered to be at the convenience of the men, and women often have lack of knowledge which leads to their vulnerability. Many women believe they have to tolerate abuse because of the subservience they have towards their husbands. Slowly, here in the U. S we are managing to move away from this but today there are still many third world countries we’re trying to help progress, and break away from unreasonable perspectives.

Technology Revolution Essays - Cultural Globalization, Digital Media

Technology Revolution Essays - Cultural Globalization, Digital Media Technology Revolution The technology revolution is upon us. In recent years there have been many triumphs in technology. Now more than ever, people are able to communicate over thousands of miles with the greatest of ease. Wireless communication is much to thank for the ease of communication. What used to take weeks threw mail, now takes seconds over the Internet. But just like any revolution there are social consequences, especially when the revolution takes place around the globe. Since the world does not evolve at the same pace, lesser developed countries as well as minorities in developed countries have not even come close to reaping the benefits of a world connected at the touch of a button. The social argument is that as this revolution proceeds, the gap between the haves and have-nots will widen to the point of ill repute. Others argue that because of technological advances the world is a much better place. This seems to be the debate at hand. The problem domestically is that providing high-speed Internet services to rural communities is difficult. Tom Daschle, a senator from Senator from South Dakota highlighted the digital divide between those who have access to high-speed Internet services and those who live in undeserved areas where such capabilities may not be readily available. The reason that this so critical to Senator Daschle is because those without access to high-speed Internet services could be cut off from affordable information on education and healthcare. The major issue domestically is the distance problem. Rural areas are so far from the more technologically advanced urban areas that getting high-speed phone connections to these rural areas is difficult. To help remedy this problem many phone companies are trying to enter the long-distance market. By doing this, it will enable telephone companies to make greater investments in rural areas at a lower more affordable cost. Another option to connect this dist ant areas is the exploiting of wireless technology. Wireless technology can be a way around the distance problem posed by offering these rural communities Internet access over traditional landlines. John Stanton of western Wireless says, Economically, wireless is a better way of providing universal service. There is also another problem with Internet access on the domestic front. This problem is that of race. According to a new Federal survey, African-Americans and Hispanics are less than half as likely as whites to explore the Internet from home, work or school. This study also reinforces the fear that minority groups are increasingly at a disadvantage in competing for entry-level jobs because most of these jobs now require a knowledge of computers and comfort in navigating the Internet. Donna L. Hoffman, a professor at Vanderbilt University says, The big question is why African-Americans are not adopting this technology, its not just price, because they are buying cable and satellite systems in large numbers. So we have to look deeper to cultural and social factors. I think there is still a question of Whats in it for me? Most division in computer use correlates to income levels and education. Sixty-one percent of whites and 54 percent of blacks in households earning more than $75,000 used the internet regularly, but the figures drop to 17 percent of whites and 8 percent of blacks when families are earning $15,000 to $35,000. It has become obvious that race and socio-economic standing has something to do with the involvement in this technological revolution. Internationally is where the largest problems lie. In many corners of the world, there are dozens of developing countries where widespread access to the Internet remains a distant possibility. While some of the worlds most remote places have the internet, there are still no connections in Iraq, North Korea and a handful of African countries. In many of the developing countries with internet access, the access is basically concentrated in the largest cities and is prohibitively expensive when set against an individuals income. In order to shorten the gap of technology between developed and lesser-developed countries, especially in the realm of the internet, there is an annual conference called INET. The purpose of this conference is to educate those who are not as technologically advanced and sending participants home with additional technical and administrative

Cloture Defintion - Senate Rule to Break a Filibuster

Cloture Defintion - Senate Rule to Break a Filibuster Cloture is a procedure used occasionally in the U.S. Senate to break a filibuster. Cloture, or Rule 22, is the only formal procedure in Senate parliamentary rules, in fact, that can force an end to the stalling tactic. It allows the Senate to limit consideration of a pending matter to 30 additional hours of debate. Cloture History The Senate first adopted the cloture rule in 1917 after President Woodrow Wilson called for the implementation of a procedure to end debate on any given matter. The first cloture rule allowed for such a move with the support of a two-thirds majority in the upper chamber of Congress. Cloture was first used two years later, in 1919, when the Senate was debating the Treaty of Versailles, the peace agreement between Germany and the Allied Powers that officially ended World War I. Lawmakers successfully invoked cloture to end a lengthy filibuster on the matter. Perhaps the most well known use of cloture came when the Senate invoked the rule after a 57-day filibuster against the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Southern lawmakers stalled debate over the measure, which included a ban on lynching, until the Senate mustered enough votes for cloture. Reasons for Cloture Rule The cloture rule was adopted at a time when deliberations in the Senate had ground to a halt, frustrating President Wilson during a time of war. At the end of the session in 1917, lawmakers filibustered for 23 days against Wilsons proposal to arm merchant ships, according to the Senate Historians office. The delay tactic also hampered efforts to pass other important legislation. President Calls for Cloture Wilson railed against the Senate, calling it the only legislative body in the world which cannot act when its majority is ready for action. A little group of willful men, representing no opinion but their own, have rendered the great government of the United States helpless and contemptible. As a result, the Senate wrote and passed the original cloture rule on March 8, 1917. In addition to ending filibusters, the new rule allowed each senator an additional hour to speak after invoking cloture and before voting on a bills final passage. Despite Wilsons influence in instituting the rule, cloture was invoked only five times over the course of the following four and a half decades. Cloture Impact Invoking cloture guarantees that a Senate vote on the bill or amendment being debated will eventually happen. The House does not have a similar measure. When cloture is invoked, senators are also required to engage in debate that is germane to the legislation being discussed. The rule contains a clause the any speech following the invocation of cloture must be on the measure, motion, or other matter pending before the Senate. The cloture rule thereby prevents lawmakers from merely stalling for another hour by, say, reciting the Declaration of Independence or reading names from a phone book. Cloture Majority The majority needed to invoke cloture in the Senate remained two-thirds, or 67 votes, of the 100-member body from the rules adoption in 1917 until 1975, when the number of votes needed was reduced to just 60. To being the cloture process, at least 16 members of the Senate must sign a cloture motion or petition that states: We, the undersigned Senators, in accordance with the provisions of Rule XXII of the Standing Rules of the Senate, hereby move to bring to a close the debate upon (the matter in question). Cloture Frequency Cloture was rarely invoked in the early 1900s and mid-1900s. The rule was used only four times, in fact, between 1917 and 1960. Cloture became more common only in the late 1970s, according to records kept by the Senate. The procedure was used a record 187 times in the 113th Congress, which met in 2013 and 2014 during President Barack Obamas second term in the White House.

A contextualised analysis of MORRISON (WM) SUPERMARKETS PLC Coursework

A contextualised analysis of MORRISON (WM) SUPERMARKETS PLC - Coursework Example In the United Kingdom there are a total of 92,796 grocery stores which are broadly classified into the following four categories namely Convenience stores, Traditional retail, Hypermarkets, Supermarkets and Superstore and Online Channel. Among these, hypermarkets, supermarkets and superstores are the largest in the UK (Li, 2008). Morrison WM Supermarkets PLC, a publicly traded company, is a supermarket chain which offers a wide range of goods including branded ones and its own labelled products. They are the fourth largest food retailer in the United Kingdom by sales with 439 stores across Britain and an annual turnover of  £16 billion. The main speciality of this chain of supermarkets is its high quality fresh food at great prices. Morrison WM Supermarkets PLC was founded in 1899 by William Morrison. The company has developed from a single egg and butter stall in Bradford and has turned into one of the best food retailers in the United Kingdom. Starting from a small stall in Bradf ord in 1899, a new produce depot was opened in 1976. The company took over Whelan Discount Stores and started operating in Lancashire for the first time in 1978. The first Morrisons distribution centre was opened in 1988 followed by the opening of second distribution centre in 1997. ... They are the fourth largest food retailer in the United Kingdom by sales with 439 stores across Britain and an annual turnover of ?16 billion. The main speciality of this chain of supermarkets is its high quality fresh food at great prices. Morrison WM Supermarkets PLC was founded in 1899 by William Morrison. The company has developed from a single egg and butter stall in Bradford and has turned into one of the best food retailers in the United Kingdom. Starting from a small stall in Bradford in 1899, a new produce depot was opened in 1976. The company took over Whelan Discount Stores and started operating in Lancashire for the first time in 1978. The first Morrisons distribution centre was opened in 1988 followed by the opening of second distribution centre in 1997. It was in February 2004 the company went national by opening a store in Scotland. Morrisons became the fourth largest retailer in the UK in March 2006 by opening UK’s first BioEthanol E85 filling pumps. The compan y has 700 tractors and 1700 trailers distributing to the stores across the country and it is now the largest supplier of apprenticeships in the United Kingdom. The following are deemed to be the four important reasons why they occupy a unique position in the grocery market: 1. Quality: They ensure control quality by owning their own production facilities. 2. Insight: They know what they are buying and where it comes from. 3. Value: They buy direct and pass savings on to the customer. 4. Flexibility: They get their food in store faster and react to the market more quickly. (Morrisons, 2011a) The company’s overall turnover is 17,663, 000 GBP, net income is 690,000 GBP, total assets is worth 9,859,000 GBP and the number of employees is 131,207, number of recorded shareholders is 86

Marketing Management - Sustainable marketing campaign for Virginia Essay

Marketing Management - Sustainable marketing campaign for Virginia Community Capital Inc - Essay Example The organization aims at fully aiding the weaker faction of the community by offering the housing loans and investments solutions for housing and community projects. This is a marginalized population and Virginia Community Capital Inc. is offering a solution to their economic woes. Through its numerous positions of jobs, VCC intends to create employment to the people of Virginia to reduce unemployment and social vices (VCC, 2014 p 24). VCC offers a financial solution to the people around and intend to change the face of Virginia through its diverse activities. Virginia Community Capital Inc as an organization intends to help the people of Virginia. As an organization, its primarily objective is to help the people within the boundaries of Virginia. It thus does not intend to reap from a community that host it but fully support them for the empowerment and growth of Virginia. Virginia as a state is large and hugely populated and VCC has identified this. To reach its targeted market, the organization has stratified its customers into groups. The groups that are highly prioritized are the most targeted customers of the organization (VCC, 2014 p 23). Virginia like any other metropolitan and urban society is divided into economic classes. The lower class is the most targeted one. Like in any other society, the lower class constitutes the greater part of the society. This is true of Virginia. The low class dominates Virginia and thus contributes to the GDP of Virginia negatively (Kotler, 2009 p.65). Most of these people are living in poverty. They hardly afford proper health care, proper education, better foods and other basic necessities of living. This factor has driven Virginia Community Capital Inc. towards them. Its major target is these people as it aims to empower them for their own development. Through the loans provided, such population is able to invest into housing, business

Robin Hood Case Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Robin Hood Case - Assignment Example This ensures that Robin is always can always plan ahead of the Sheriff and each of the Sheriff’s moves will be reactionary. Robin Hood’s key problem is that of infinite resources within Sherwood Forest as a result of change of route by the more wealthy travellers. Following what currently is in place is not sustainable as the lack of resources including insufficient rations will continue to bite and the group will eventually disintegrate. The two characters need a new plan which will uplift their current situation and ensure that they remain true to their pursuit of justice ideals. Applying a uniform tax to all travellers as suggested by Robin Hood will work to ensure that the group loses its key support base of the farmers and the poor. Robin’s last proposition seems to make much more sense in light of the current situation. What is logical is to partner with the rich barons who have the ability and resources to sustain the Merrymen and in exchange, Robin takes up the political course to free King Richard. This is definitely a bad idea as the exercise will now target Robin’s key support base of the poor and the farmers. This is a common pitfall for even established organizations who after sometime start to take for granted their key customers. A similar scenario is replicated when Robin opts to attack his main stay of political support – the poor travellers and famers. The pros of accepting this offer includes the fact that Robin will now have more resources for the welfare of the Merrymen. Another pro emerges in the coalition that will be formed as a result of this cooperation. A working relationship between Robin and the Barons will isolate the Sheriff and Prince John. The cons include the possible loss of focus as now Robin will be forced to concentrate on two concurrent causes, one against the Sheriff and the other directed towards liberating King Richard. Association with the

Corporate Strategy Analysis Discussion Essay Example for Free

Corporate Strategy Analysis Discussion Essay The Destination CEO videos offered a great insight into the lives of the people that have to run the huge organizations. It seems as if all of them have been faced with a challenge somewhere within their careers. The following paper will discuss the different corporate strategies: growth, stability, and renewal. It will also discuss how each CEO used the planning function of management which are concentration, vertical integration, and diversification. I agreed with my teammates discussions of the CEOs of the companies. We discussed four CEOs: Neville Isdell, Coca-Cola CEO, Gary Kelly, Southwest Airline CEO, Mackey McDonald, VF Corporation CEO, and Anne Mulcahy, Xerox CEO. The corporate strategy that was used by Neville Isdell is growth and the planning function used is diversification. This is due to the fact that he is seeking to branch out by selling non-carbonated beverages. Such as Coca-Cola Black, a coffee and buying all or part of vitamin water from Glasso. The corporate strategies used by Gary Kelly are growth and stability, and planning function of management is concentration. The reason for this is locking up the hedge fund contracts, and keeping cost down. Continuing to fly the same planes (737) so that parts and maintenance are easy is a great strategy. He also promotes treating customers like kings and queens, and employees even better! The corporate strategy used by Mackey McDonald is growth and the planning function is vertical integration and concentration. This is because of the focus on their lifestyle brands, such as Vans and Reef. They avoid getting involved in the high risk fashion brands stayed with the commodity brands. Concentrate more on what the consumer would use every day. The corporate strategy used by Anne Mulcahy is renewal and the planning function is concentration. She took over when Xerox was on the brink of bankruptcy. She had to cut cost to be able to make the company successful. She even had to shut down the division that she herself had started (Destination CEO video). Kathleen McWain wrote, â€Å"Neville Isdell or the Indiana Jones of Coke displayed innovation and commitment to employee morale. Isdell handled flat sales growth, low morale and high turnover with  aggressive globalization. Coca-Cola decided to be a total beverage company introducing Dasani water and Fuze tea. Isdell convinced his board that just because Pepsi had branched into other markets successful Coke needed to go more towards global domination than diversification. Cokes sales are no longer sluggish, moral is high and employee turn over is low. I applaud Gary Kellys fuel hedge fund and that he is keeping Southwest airlines in the black. His flying in coach to experience what his passenger do gives Mr. Kelly a better insight into how his company runs, which I feel really helps him make tough resource allocation calls. That being said I do not think that Mr. Kellys Band-Aid patch of Southwests underfunded, profit destroying, pension plan dealt with the problem. (all pension plans paid after the employee retires are profit destroyers) I think it only delayed the fact that either the pension plan needs to be funded or pensioners must have their pensions reduced. As Southwest is not the only underfunded pension plan in the country. I feel Southwest is waiting to see if another company is successful in reducing pension payments to retirees. I also feel that as soon as a company is successful in either dumping or strongly cutting pensioners pay other companies will follow and it will be like domino falling.† As stated in the introduction, my team wrote the same things about the videos. The CEOs of each company made the same impact on us all. They stories of the CEOs and what they went they endured, and in some cases still enduring, is motivational. I personally would have probably given up by now. However, the most motivational one to me is Anne Mulcahy, because she took a company on the brink of bankruptcy and turned Xerox around into a powerhouse. How awesome is that! References Bateman, T. (2011). Management: Leading and Collaborating in a Competitve World(9th ed.). Retrieved from http//: www.ecampus.phoenix.edu. Destination CEO Videos

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder In Veterans :: Post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD

For more than twenty years, Patricia Dietz, a wife of a Vietnam veteran, has suffered along with her husband the effects of post traumatic stress disorder. She has stated that, "It has changed everything; it has affected the rest of his and her life." Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is when a person is haunted by his memories so badly that it affects not only the rest of his life, but others close to him as well. Any time there is a traumatic event, physical danger, or threat or personal danger, this disorder is able to appear in ones' life (USA Today Magazine). "A key factor is the persons' response to this event, whether it happens to them or they are witnesses to feelings of intense fear, helplessness, or horror" (USA Today Magazine). "To be classified as PTSD the symptoms must last longer than one month, and usually appear within six months to a year after the event" (USA Today Magazine). Jim Dwyer describes Traumatic memories as "frozen in time, waiting to thaw" (Block, Norris). "PTSD has become a common condition among the armed forces as well as the police, and it has spread throughout society" (Fitzpatrick). "After Vietnam, PTSD appeared and was rapidly taken over from the veterans" (Fitzpatrick). There are a large number of symptoms of PTSD. The Veterans symptoms can be identical to those symptoms experienced when the actual trauma was occurring (Panzarino). "[symptoms include] May be prone to insomnia, irritability, or outbursts of anger, difficulty concentrating, and an exaggerated startled response when shocked" (USA Today Magazine). Michael Wheeler, a Vietnam veteran, is divorced because of PTSD, he was having thoughts of suicide, he couldn't handle life, he thought he was going crazy (Block, Norris). More symptoms are night terrors (dreams), flashbacks, and recurrent/intrusive thoughts of traumatic events (USA Today Magazine). "Many PTSD sufferers develop depression and anxiety or obsessive/compulsive disorder, in addition to alcohol or drug problems" (USA Today Magazine). "Of all the Wars in which Americans have fought Vietnam was without a doubt the one in which soldiers experienced the greatest psychological difficulties" (Welsh 58). In the Vietnam war the enemy didn't have a uniform, they could be hidden in with some of your allies this caused a lot of confusion and led to the saying "I wasn't really sure what was going on," and is probably the key reason why there are so many PTSD sufferers (Welsh 58). Post Traumatic Stress Disorder In Veterans :: Post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD For more than twenty years, Patricia Dietz, a wife of a Vietnam veteran, has suffered along with her husband the effects of post traumatic stress disorder. She has stated that, "It has changed everything; it has affected the rest of his and her life." Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is when a person is haunted by his memories so badly that it affects not only the rest of his life, but others close to him as well. Any time there is a traumatic event, physical danger, or threat or personal danger, this disorder is able to appear in ones' life (USA Today Magazine). "A key factor is the persons' response to this event, whether it happens to them or they are witnesses to feelings of intense fear, helplessness, or horror" (USA Today Magazine). "To be classified as PTSD the symptoms must last longer than one month, and usually appear within six months to a year after the event" (USA Today Magazine). Jim Dwyer describes Traumatic memories as "frozen in time, waiting to thaw" (Block, Norris). "PTSD has become a common condition among the armed forces as well as the police, and it has spread throughout society" (Fitzpatrick). "After Vietnam, PTSD appeared and was rapidly taken over from the veterans" (Fitzpatrick). There are a large number of symptoms of PTSD. The Veterans symptoms can be identical to those symptoms experienced when the actual trauma was occurring (Panzarino). "[symptoms include] May be prone to insomnia, irritability, or outbursts of anger, difficulty concentrating, and an exaggerated startled response when shocked" (USA Today Magazine). Michael Wheeler, a Vietnam veteran, is divorced because of PTSD, he was having thoughts of suicide, he couldn't handle life, he thought he was going crazy (Block, Norris). More symptoms are night terrors (dreams), flashbacks, and recurrent/intrusive thoughts of traumatic events (USA Today Magazine). "Many PTSD sufferers develop depression and anxiety or obsessive/compulsive disorder, in addition to alcohol or drug problems" (USA Today Magazine). "Of all the Wars in which Americans have fought Vietnam was without a doubt the one in which soldiers experienced the greatest psychological difficulties" (Welsh 58). In the Vietnam war the enemy didn't have a uniform, they could be hidden in with some of your allies this caused a lot of confusion and led to the saying "I wasn't really sure what was going on," and is probably the key reason why there are so many PTSD sufferers (Welsh 58).

Notes from Underground Essay

Man acts according to what he feels. His actions are characterized by emotions that he is experiencing. Good or bad, it defines his role as a man of action or an intelligent man. A man of action does things expected of him. He plays by the rules. He does things that needs to be done whatever the cost may be . The only price is happiness and contentment of doing what is necessary for the benefit of another human being. A man of action encompasses the manifestations of physiology or human body and his mind sees himself as different to others and that he can make a change or influence the course of history. Here is an account taken from Notes from Underground: Such a gentleman simply dashes straight for his object like an infuriated bull with its horns down,and nothing but a wall will stop him. For a man of action, what you see is what you get. According to Confucius, â€Å"I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand†, that is a man of action; doing and acting with nobility not only to be remembered but also to be a model for others. An example of a man of action is Mahatma Gandhi. Mohandas Gandhi has become the strongest symbol of non-violence in the 20th century. In South Africa Gandhi worked to improve living conditions for the Indian minority. This work made him develop a strong Indian and religious commitment, and a will to self-sacrifice. His example shows the world that all can be equal and will benefit from democracy that would bring peace to humanity. An intelligent man sees things in a different light. It is seen through actions taken with wit. An intelligent man before he acts, uses his mind and devices a plan on what ought and should be done. Here is an example taken from Notes from Underground: Your surname 2 But do you know, gentlemen, what was the chief point about my spite? Why, the whole point, the real sting of it lay in the fact that continually, even in the moment of the acutest spleen, I was inwardly conscious with shame that I was not only not a spiteful but not even an embittered man, that I was simply scaring sparrows at random and amusing myself by it. It may not be for the common good but it is the right choice. The goal is to fit in his social environment, to shadow the pain, burdens or motives that he is feeling and he has in mind. From an intelligent man, the intentions are hidden and facade is given to the audience – the society. An example of an intelligent man is Adolf Hitler. He has a dream of having an empire under his control and posed the greatest threat to democracy also in the 20th century while Gandhi is promoting it. During his reign many people died and experienced the wrath of discrimination especially the Jews. I am not imposing that being an intelligent man is bad and a man of action is better. It is on the our discretion on how to use our intelligence or strength that would tremendously help or harm mankind. There is no right or wrong decisions. It is how you manage your decision the good way. Life is not not an easy one but it can be good. Works Cited Dostoevsky, Fyodor. Notes from the Underground, and The Gambler. Oxford :Oxford University Press, 1991

Family Business Case 5 Vega food Company Essay

Family Business Case 5 The Vega Food company owner Francisco Valle Sr had just recently died and now the rest of the family is having problems with the money, shareholders and what exactly are the siblings responsibilities in the company. Francisco Jr has been working there the longest and has the most experience working along side his dad in the company. His four sisters are now wanting more percentage of the shares in the company. The main problem is with his young sisters Mari who wants more responsibility in the family business. Francisco received a big CEO salary and bonus that the sisters didn’t receive nearly as much as he did. They thought this was unfair. This problem seem to hurt the company in sales. After calling a family meeting, a consultant got everything straightened out for what each member of the family had to do and what the shareholders wanted out of the company and what percentage of shares they all had. This problem seem to hurt the company in sales. Francisco seems to be the right person to take most of the responsibilities because was worked there the longest and knows what to do. Read more:  Family Run Business Wyncraft Mari wanted out of the company for feeling that she wasn’t treated the same way as the rest of the siblings so Francisco bought her shares out. Everyone always thinks that they all deserve the same percentage and same amount of salary at the work place but that just doesn’t happen in real life. If Mari wanted to stay in the company I think they could have given each other a little bit more percentage in the shares but still having Francisco have the highest percentage. It also never really stated what she did for the company and how she could help the company. She just thought that she deserved more shares. Personally I don’t think that is fair just because your family doesn’t mean you’re entitled to have shares in the company. But in the end I think Mari just had enough and wanted to give her shares up and move on in her life. After reading what the family did to over come this problem I thought it  seem to be the best for both the company and Mari. Now their sales have been going up and the company is growing and doing good with new employees. If they didn’t resolve this problem I think the company would have been destroyed and more feelings would have been hurt in the long run. Also being a good CEO, Francisco saw a problem and decided to do something about it.